The UK air dropped matchbooks into enemy lines which contained instructions on how a soldier could fake illnesses to get sent home. Once the Nazi leaders caught wind of this, they stopped sending their troops home who claimed to have said illnesses. Not only did this get healthy enemy troops sent home, it eventually ended with genuinely ill troops being sent back into combat, to spread real disease among their ranks.
Flooding your own land, so that enemy’s can’t push forward. The Netherlands has done it for hundreds of years, until WW 2.
The capture of the Dutch fleet at Den Helder might be one of the most ridiculous and effective attacks of all time. A large number of Dutch warships were docked at Den Helder during a particularly cold winter. Suddenly, the dock froze over. The ships were trapped. A French cavalry regiment saw this and decided that they would charge the ships. They wrapped cloth around the hooves of the horses to soften their blow against the ice and charged the Dutch as they slept. They took every ship with no casualties.
This is the only instance in history of a cavalry charge against a naval fleet.
Scipio Africanus used a great tactic against the Carthaginians at the Battle of Ilipa. Both the Romans and the Carthaginians had armies composed of their well-trained, homegrown soldiers and not-so reliable Iberian allies, roughly half/half for each. For a few days the two armies were camped close to each other and would come out during the day, form up, and dare the other to attack.
Scipio always put his legionnaires in the center and positioned his Iberians on the wings. The Carthaginians were like ‘that makes sense’ and did the same with their army. So they stared at each other like that for a couple of days.
On the day of the battle, Scipio had his men eat well before dawn, get ready and form up outside the camp, but this time he reversed his formation and put the weaker Iberians in the center and the legionnaires on the wings. Then he signaled for attack. The surprised Carthaginians ran out of their camps and automatically formed up the way they had the last few days, assuming that Scipio was up to his usual shenanigans.
By the time anyone saw the change in tactics, it was way too late. The legionnaires tore through the weaker Carthaginian wings and turned on the enemy center before the Roman center had even closed with its counterpart. The Carthaginians were all routing and surrounded before their generals could do anything to save the day.
Scipio Africanus went on to be the only general to defeat Hannibal in a land battle.
This is a tactic the Gurkhas used in Afghanistan (in the recent conflict there). If they were to attack a Taliban outpost, they’d sneak ahead and kill the outer perimeter guards. Then they’d cut off the guards’ heads, and reattach them with sticks.
When the guard change happened, the new guards would tap their friends on the shoulder and crap themselves as their friends’ heads would fall off. Generally they didn’t put up a fight after that – meaning the Gurkhas avoided having to do an assault that could cost lives.
During preparation for D-Day landings at Normandy, the Allies knew that the most logical point for an attack on France was from Calais (Northern France). However, the Germans knew this, and focused most of their defenses on Northern France. To trick the Germans into thinking that they thought the same, the Allies built a massive base there, but it was pretty much all fake. There, they:
– Used tons of inflatable tanks and airplanes, as well as a bunch of wooden ones as well, painted to look like tanks, boats, and airplanes from the air.
– Used some Hollywood set designers to build an elaborate looking military base, that was again totally fake.
– Slowly leaked information that would go along with having a military operation there, and not just the big stuff, there was tons of smaller pieces of information, like disciplinary notices for imaginary soldiers. The best example of this was when they took the body of a soldier, dressed him up as a high ranking officer, and filled his pockets full of fake orders, but also included a bunch of love letters and pictures from a fake girlfriend, and letters and pictures from a fake family, and then floated him out towards the Germans, hoping they would find him and think they got lucky.